TL;DR: Content marketing performance benchmarks statistics in 2026
Most startup content is busywork unless you can tie it to sales.
• Content marketing performance benchmarks statistics in 2026 show a brutal gap: only 36% of marketers can accurately measure content return, while companies with a documented strategy are 3.5x more successful.
• The biggest mistake is overfeeding awareness content: average teams put 31% of content at the top of funnel, and low performers push that to 39%, starving decision-stage assets that help buyers say yes.
• What wins now is a tighter system: social and short video earn attention, case studies and webinars help conversion, and blogs work better as support infrastructure than as the whole plan. See related content marketing trends and this founder guide to digital marketing metrics.
If you want better leads from the same content budget, start measuring beyond traffic and publish more buyer-decision content next.
Check out other fresh news, stats and trends that you might like:
GLM-5.3 News | August, 2026 (STARTUP EDITION)
Content marketing performance benchmarks statistics in 2026 tell a brutal story: only 36% of marketers can accurately measure content return on investment, even while content budgets, AI use, and format choices keep expanding. I am Violetta Bonenkamp, also known as Mean CEO, and I read that number from the viewpoint of a European parallel entrepreneur who has built across deeptech, edtech, IP, AI, and no-code ventures with very little patience for vanity metrics. For founders in Europe, especially bootstrapped teams, women-led startups, and solo operators, this matters because cash is tighter, sales cycles are longer, and content that “looks busy” can quietly drain months of runway.
“Only 36% of marketers can accurately measure content return on investment.”
Here is why that stat hits hard. In many startups, content still gets treated like a soft activity, something between branding, social posting, and founder self-expression. Yet the 2026 numbers show that the teams getting results are the ones treating content as a system tied to pipeline, conversions, customer education, and sales enablement. If you are a founder with a small team, this is not a style question. It is a survival question.
How was this article built and how should you read these numbers?
This article pulls from recent industry benchmark reports, SaaS research roundups, and publisher data from sources such as Contentful’s 2026 content marketing benchmark report, Content Marketing Institute’s 2026 B2B content and marketing trends research, Typeface’s 2026 content marketing statistics roundup, and Omnibound’s 2026 content marketing ROI statistics summary. I also compared those findings with benchmark-style summaries from practitioners and operators.
Most of the figures are from 2025 and 2026. Geographic coverage is mostly global, with a lot of B2B and SaaS weighting. When a figure is likely to reflect US-heavy samples, you should read it carefully if you operate in the EU, where customer journeys, privacy expectations, procurement cycles, and channel behavior often differ. Statistics are directional, not destiny. Your stage, ticket size, niche, language market, and founder capacity still shape what “good” looks like.
My own lens matters here too. I have spent over 20 years working across countries and disciplines, and I built ventures such as CADChain and Fe/male Switch while wearing many hats at once: founder, marketer, operator, educator, product strategist, and storyteller. That is why this article focuses less on pretty dashboards and more on what founders can actually do with these benchmarks in the next 90 days.
What are the headline content marketing performance benchmarks statistics founders should know in 2026?
- Only 36% of marketers can accurately measure content return on investment.
Founder takeaway: if you can tie content to leads, sales conversations, and influenced pipeline better than your competitors, you already have an edge. - Companies with a documented content strategy are 3.5x more successful.
Founder takeaway: random posting is expensive. Even a simple documented plan beats creative chaos. - 75% of teams track engagement metrics, 67% track awareness, 59% track direct conversions, and 54% track pipeline influenced by content.
Founder takeaway: mature teams have moved beyond likes and pageviews. Founders should too. - Only 33% use formal attribution models.
Founder takeaway: attribution is still messy, which means founders who build simple tracking models can move faster than larger, slower teams. - On average, 31% of content targets awareness, 25% consideration, 24% decision, and 20% post-purchase.
Founder takeaway: too much content still sits at the top of funnel. Buyers need help deciding, not just discovering. - Low performers devote 39% of content to awareness and only 18% to decision-stage content.
Founder takeaway: if your content rarely answers buyer objections, pricing logic, implementation fears, and legal concerns, you are probably under-serving revenue stages. - Social content was named the top impact driver by 32% of respondents, video by 16%, webinars or events by 15%, case studies by 13%, and blog posts by only 11%.
Founder takeaway: blog posts still matter, but as infrastructure. Distribution and conversion assets matter more than founder nostalgia. - Over 90% of businesses use video, and 82% of marketers say video delivers strong returns.
Founder takeaway: if you still treat video as optional, you are likely slowing down trust and buyer education. - Short-form video delivers the highest return among video formats.
Founder takeaway: small teams do not need a film studio. They need clarity, cadence, and a distribution habit. - 87% of marketers using AI for content creation say productivity improved, but only 39% say content performance improved.
Founder takeaway: AI helps teams produce more. It does not automatically make content better.
Why is measurement still so weak when content spend is rising?
Let’s break it down. The most revealing cluster of numbers is this one: 83% of leaders prioritize proving return, but only 36% can accurately measure it. At the same time, 56% of B2B marketers struggle to attribute content return, and just 22% rate their measurement as highly effective in some benchmark summaries. This gap explains why so many founders either overinvest in content blindly or cut it too early.
From my point of view as Mean CEO, this is the part where founders need to grow up fast. If your startup says content “works” because traffic went up, you do not have a content system. You have hope wrapped in charts. In my ventures, whether in IPtech or startup education, I care about what content changes in user behavior. Did it trigger a qualified call, a demo request, a reply from a partner, a grant conversation, or a product action? If not, the content may still be useful, but you should stop pretending it is revenue-linked.
This problem hits EU founders harder because many operate across languages, smaller local markets, and more fragmented buyer paths. A Dutch deeptech buyer, a German SME engineer, and a Swedish education partner may all discover you in different ways, with different trust thresholds. If you do not tag your content by funnel stage, audience, and intended business outcome, your reporting will stay fuzzy.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- Assign one job to each content asset. Every article, case study, webinar, email, or video should have one dominant purpose: discovery, lead capture, objection handling, onboarding, or expansion.
- Build a lightweight attribution sheet. Track first touch, assisted touch, and last touch for every lead manually if needed. For a startup, ugly truth beats clean fiction.
- Add conversion events beyond form fills. Measure demo requests, founder replies, qualified newsletter responses, proposal views, and customer success usage signals.
Which content formats are actually performing in 2026?
The 2026 benchmark picture is sharp. Social content leads perceived impact at 32%, followed by video at 16%, webinars and events at 15%, and case studies at 13%. Blog posts sit at just 11% as a top impact driver. In another benchmark set, video content shows very high engagement, case studies and webinars rate very high for lead generation, and blog posts remain widely used at 92%, even if they are not the star performer on their own.
The wrong lesson here is “blogs are dead.” They are not. Blogs are becoming infrastructure. A useful article supports search visibility, gives your sales team something to send, feeds your newsletter, and gives your short-form video a place to point back to. But if your whole strategy is publishing long posts and waiting, you are underbuilding the rest of the machine.
I have a very practical bias here. In deeptech and B2B, buyers often need layered trust. They may find you through a social post or short video, but they close confidence gaps through deeper assets: a case study, a webinar recording, a technical explainer, an FAQ page, a founder note, a customer proof point. This is why teams that mature tend to spread impact across formats instead of worshipping one channel.
For bootstrapped startups, this should be liberating. You do not need to publish everywhere. You need a stack where each format helps the others. One statistics-based article can become three founder posts, one short video series, one lead magnet section, one customer email, and one sales follow-up asset.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- Keep the blog, but stop treating it as the hero. Pair each article with social distribution, one visual summary, and one conversion path.
- Create at least one decision-stage asset. Build a case study, comparison page, implementation guide, or buyer objection FAQ.
- Start a simple video rhythm. One short founder video per week can explain one customer problem, one customer myth, or one product use case.
What do funnel-stage benchmarks reveal about content strategy mistakes?
One of the most useful 2026 findings is the funnel allocation pattern. On average, teams devote 31% of content to awareness, 25% to consideration, 24% to decision, and 20% to post-purchase. Low performers skew even harder to top-of-funnel content, with 39% at awareness and only 18% at decision stage. High performers spread effort much more evenly.
This is where many founders sabotage themselves while feeling productive. Awareness content is emotionally safer. It is easier to write “top tips,” trend takes, inspirational founder stories, and broad educational articles than it is to write about pricing logic, legal risk, migration friction, procurement blockers, integration concerns, or why your product is different from alternatives. But buyers pay at the bottom, not at the top.
In my work with Fe/male Switch, I often say that education must be experiential and slightly uncomfortable. The same applies to content. If your content never risks being specific, it will stay socially acceptable and commercially weak. Founders love top-of-funnel because it feels generous and intelligent. Markets reward content that removes buying fear.
EU startups should pay extra attention here because trust barriers can be higher in regulated, technical, or cross-border contexts. Decision-stage content can include compliance explainers, data handling pages, procurement readiness notes, technical diagrams, founder-recorded demos, and country-specific FAQs. Those assets often look less glamorous than a polished awareness article, but they convert.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- Audit your last 20 content assets by funnel stage. If more than one-third are awareness pieces, you probably need more consideration and decision content.
- Write the “risky” pages. Publish content on pricing, objections, buyer fears, legal setup, security, onboarding steps, or failed alternatives.
- Add post-purchase content. Customer education content reduces churn and can increase referrals, expansion, and case study potential.
How big is the gap between B2B and B2C content marketing performance benchmarks statistics?
The B2B and B2C split remains sharp in 2026. Benchmark data shows B2B teams focus on lead generation, while B2C teams focus on awareness. One roundup also notes that B2B documented strategy rates are 73% versus 70% for B2C, while video usage is 58% in B2B and 87% in B2C. Another useful detail: B2B blogs may attract less traffic, yet they can produce 67% more leads per post and a 2.1x higher conversion rate.
That difference matters because many startup founders copy consumer-style content habits into B2B markets. They chase reach, posting frequency, and social buzz while forgetting that B2B buyers need proof, sequence, and reassurance. In B2B, a “small” article read by 200 right people can beat a flashy post seen by 20,000 wrong people.
As someone who has marketed products that touch blockchain, IP, engineering workflows, startup education, and AI, I have seen this repeatedly. In technical B2B, language precision matters. Context matters. Buyer education matters. A founder who explains a painful workflow clearly can beat a louder competitor with a larger budget. This is where my linguistics background becomes practical. The words you choose shape whether the buyer understands the problem in their own environment.
If you are a freelancer, consultant, or small agency, your business likely behaves more like B2B than B2C even if you sell to individuals. People are still buying trust, risk reduction, and confidence in your process. Content should reflect that.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- B2B founders should measure lead quality, not raw traffic. Track sales-qualified responses, not just visits.
- B2C founders should connect awareness to downstream behavior. Watch repeat visits, email signups, and assisted purchases.
- Freelancers should publish trust-building content. Use mini case studies, process pages, pricing logic, and before-after examples.
Why are documented strategies still one of the strongest predictors of success?
One of the clearest benchmark numbers in this whole topic is this: companies with a documented content strategy are 3.5x more successful. Also, in CMI research, 97% of marketers say they have a content strategy, and among those, most report either some or strong improvement in results. This does not mean a 40-page strategy deck. It means the team can answer basic questions clearly: who the audience is, what each content format is for, where distribution happens, what metrics matter, and how content supports revenue.
Founders often resist documentation because they think it slows them down. I think the opposite. In startups, writing things down is a speed tool. It reduces rework, prevents random channel switching, and helps small teams say no. In my own ventures, especially where content intersects with education design or technical explanation, a documented narrative is what keeps the message coherent across product, partnerships, grants, social posts, and investor conversations.
This matters even more for women-led startups and solo founders. You do not need more inspiration. You need infrastructure. A documented content strategy is infrastructure. It protects you from daily mood swings, algorithm panic, and copying louder founders who are playing a different game with more money.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- Create a one-page content strategy. Include audience, offer, funnel stages, channels, metrics, and publishing rhythm.
- Document message hierarchy. Write your top customer problems, proof points, objections, and promises in one place.
- Review strategy monthly. Small teams can change fast, but random changes should be written down and explained.
What does the 2026 data say about video, AI, and original research?
This is where the market is becoming more unforgiving. Over 90% of businesses use video, 82% of marketers report strong returns from video, and short-form video delivers the highest return among video formats. At the same time, AI use is widespread. In one benchmark, 87% of marketers using AI for content creation report better productivity, 80% report better operational results, 58% say content quality improved, but only 39% say content performance improved.
That tells us something simple and uncomfortable. More content is not the same as better content. AI can help with research, outlining, first drafts, SEO structure, repurposing, and admin load. It can act like a mini-team for founders, and I strongly support that. I build around the idea that AI can multiply a small team. But human judgment still decides whether the final piece is worth a buyer’s time.
There is another clue in the 2026 data: 86% of marketers plan to increase research budgets, and teams publishing original data report higher conversion rates at 64% and stronger SEO and organic traffic at 61%. That matches what I have seen in founder markets. Original research, unique operating insights, and field-tested playbooks travel further than generic commentary, especially now that AI can mass-produce average content cheaply.
If everyone can generate a decent article, the scarce asset becomes lived experience, original framing, proprietary data, and clear interpretation. That is why founder-led content still has an opening. Not because founders are magical, but because lived commercial context is hard to fake.
What founders should do in the next 90 days
- Use AI for drafting and structure, then add founder judgment. Put your own customer examples, objections, mistakes, and market language into every asset.
- Record short videos from existing written content. Turn one article into three clips, each answering one concrete buyer question.
- Publish one original-data asset. Run a small survey, summarize customer interviews, or share internal benchmark observations from your niche.
What are my quotable predictions for founders watching content marketing performance benchmarks statistics?
“By 2027, founders who can connect content to pipeline with even a simple manual model will outperform larger teams still hiding behind vague dashboards, because only 36% of marketers can measure return accurately today.”
“By 2027, bootstrapped EU startups that publish more decision-stage content than awareness content will close a higher share of inbound demand, because low performers still overfeed the top of funnel and starve buyers near purchase.”
“By 2027, founder-led video will beat polished corporate content for many small businesses, because short-form video already posts top returns and trust is shifting toward clarity over production gloss.”
“By 2027, original research will become a dividing line between average and elite content programs, because generic AI-assisted writing is getting cheaper while proprietary facts still compound trust and search visibility.”
“By 2027, women-led startups that document content strategy early will waste less time on performative posting, because infrastructure beats motivation when teams are small and capital is constrained.”
Where is the data weak, inconsistent, or under-researched?
This topic has real blind spots. First, attribution numbers vary because sources define “return” differently. Some mean revenue from content-assisted conversions. Others mean channel-level efficiency, engagement, or influenced pipeline. A founder reading these reports should ask: what exactly is being measured, over what period, and with what attribution model?
Second, many benchmark reports are global and heavily shaped by US and SaaS respondents. EU founders deal with more language fragmentation, different privacy norms, country-level regulation, and smaller addressable markets. A LinkedIn-heavy B2B strategy may work brilliantly in one country and much worse in another. Those local differences do not show up enough in public benchmark data.
Third, too little data separates bootstrapped versus VC-backed companies. That gap matters. A funded startup can afford long testing cycles, multiple channels, and specialized content hires. A solo founder cannot. The same benchmark may be technically true for both and practically useful for neither unless you add context.
Fourth, we still lack enough segmented data for women-led startups, especially across EU countries. I care about this because systems shape outcomes. Women do not need more slogans about confidence. They need better access to process, tools, networks, legal hygiene, and repeatable market validation structures. Public content benchmark data rarely reflects those structural barriers clearly.
Also, AI benchmarking is still noisy. A lot of reports show higher productivity with AI, but weaker evidence that final business performance improves at the same rate. That makes sense. Drafting faster is measurable. Better persuasion, trust, sales support, and customer conversion take longer to observe.
How should bootstrapped startups, women-led founders, solopreneurs, and EU businesses use these numbers?
Bootstrapped startups
- Use the 3.5x strategy advantage. Document a lean content plan instead of posting reactively.
- Use the 36% measurement gap. Build cleaner attribution than your competitors and let that guide budget choices.
- Use the funnel imbalance data. Put more effort into decision-stage content because it can produce faster commercial feedback.
Women-led startups
- Treat content as infrastructure, not self-promotion. A documented system reduces pressure to be visible everywhere all the time.
- Prioritize proof-rich assets. Case studies, founder notes, buyer FAQs, and research-backed articles build credibility without huge ad spend.
- Use AI with human review. Let tools reduce content workload, but keep your judgment, story, and boundaries in place.
Solopreneurs and freelancers
- Do fewer formats better. One article, one email, one social thread, and one short video each week can beat chaotic omnichannel posting.
- Pick conversion-friendly content. Testimonials, mini case studies, pricing logic, and process explainers often outperform generic educational posting.
- Measure replies and conversations. If your content creates qualified conversations, it is doing real work.
EU startups
- Localize trust, not just language. Adapt content to legal context, buyer expectations, and country-specific friction points.
- Use owned media as a stable base. Website, blog, and email remain strong channels for B2B and technical offers.
- Create compliance and buyer-readiness content. In Europe, these materials often influence deals more than hype-heavy social output.
What does a practical founder playbook look like in 2026?
If I were building or rebuilding a startup content system from scratch today, especially in Europe, I would keep it brutally simple. Founders do not need a giant content machine at first. They need a compounding one.
- Pick one commercial goal for the quarter. Examples: more demo requests, higher proposal acceptance, better onboarding completion, or more partnership leads.
- Map content by funnel stage. Create one awareness asset, one consideration asset, one decision asset, and one post-purchase asset before publishing ten random top-of-funnel posts.
- Build around one flagship article. A statistics article, benchmark page, industry myth-buster, or original research piece can power your whole month.
- Repurpose into video and social. Turn the flagship article into short clips, founder posts, email content, and sales follow-up materials.
- Track three metrics only. One attention metric, one intent metric, and one commercial metric. Keep it lean.
- Review after 90 days. Keep what creates movement in the business. Cut what only looks impressive online.
This reflects how I approach entrepreneurship more broadly. I see startups as structured experimentation under pressure. Content should help you collect information, trust, proof, and conversations faster. If it does not, it is content theater.
What checklist can you use right now?
- Identify two statistics from this article that contradict your current content assumptions.
- Check whether you can actually measure content return beyond traffic and impressions.
- Audit your last 10 to 20 content assets by funnel stage.
- Document a one-page strategy if you do not already have one.
- Create one decision-stage asset this month.
- Turn one written piece into three short videos.
- Add one simple attribution method, even if it is manual.
- Set a 90-day review point for traffic, lead quality, sales conversations, and influenced revenue.
A simple framework: Observe, interpret, act, adapt
- Observe: gather benchmarks that match your stage, business model, and geography.
- Interpret: decide what those numbers mean for your runway, team size, and buyer journey.
- Act: make one clear change in format mix, funnel coverage, or tracking.
- Adapt: review outcomes after 90 days and update your playbook.
If you remember one thing, let it be this: the winners in content marketing in 2026 are not the loudest publishers. They are the teams that can connect the right content to the right commercial moment. That is a much more demanding game, and also a much fairer one for serious founders.
People Also Ask:
What are content marketing performance benchmarks?
Content marketing performance benchmarks are reference points used to compare your content results against industry averages or internal past results. They usually cover traffic, engagement, conversions, lead generation, and revenue contribution from content.
Which metrics are used to measure content marketing performance?
Common content marketing metrics include website traffic, unique visitors, time on page, bounce rate, social shares, email signups, lead volume, conversion rate, and sales influenced by content. Many teams also track engagement by content type, such as blogs, videos, or case studies.
What statistics matter most in content marketing?
The most useful statistics are the ones tied to business outcomes, such as conversion rate, leads generated, cost per lead, and revenue from content. Engagement numbers like pageviews, scroll depth, and website interaction also matter because they show whether audiences are paying attention.
How do B2B content marketing benchmarks differ from B2C?
B2B content marketing benchmarks often focus more on lead quality, sales pipeline contribution, and long buying cycles. B2C benchmarks usually put more weight on traffic, reach, repeat visits, and purchase actions tied to shorter decision paths.
What is a good content marketing conversion rate?
A good content marketing conversion rate depends on the channel, audience, and offer type. In most cases, marketers compare conversion rates by content format, landing page, and traffic source rather than relying on one universal number.
How often should content marketing benchmarks be reviewed?
Content marketing benchmarks should be reviewed monthly for regular tracking and quarterly for broader trend analysis. Annual reviews are useful for measuring long-term progress and updating targets based on market changes.
What are common benchmarks for blog performance?
Blog performance benchmarks often include organic traffic, average time on page, scroll depth, backlinks, social shares, and conversions from calls to action. Some teams also compare post length, publishing frequency, and topic clusters to see what leads to better results.
How do marketers measure the success of content marketing?
Marketers measure content marketing success by looking at audience growth, engagement, lead generation, and sales impact. Many also track which pieces of content assist conversions so they can connect content efforts to business results.
Why is website engagement important for content performance?
Website engagement matters because it shows whether visitors are actually interacting with your content instead of leaving right away. Metrics like time on page, pages per session, and return visits can help show if the content is relevant and useful.
Where can I find content marketing benchmark statistics?
You can find content marketing benchmark statistics in industry reports, marketing surveys, agency research, and annual studies from publishers and software companies. Sources often include benchmark roundups focused on B2B marketing, content creation, video marketing, and inbound marketing.
FAQ on Content Marketing Performance Benchmarks Statistics in 2026
How can founders tell whether content is influencing revenue before a deal closes?
Do not wait for closed-won revenue alone. Track mid-funnel signals like demo requests, qualified replies, proposal views, CRM source notes, and sales-call mentions. This gives a more realistic content attribution model for startups with long cycles. Explore Google Analytics for startup attribution and review startup content marketing trends for zero-click measurement.
What is a good content KPI stack for a small B2B startup in 2026?
Use three layers: attention, intent, and commercial outcome. For example, track engaged visits, email signups or demo clicks, and qualified opportunities created. This keeps content marketing performance benchmarks practical instead of vanity-heavy. See SEO for Startups frameworks and compare founder-focused digital marketing metrics in SE Ranking.
When should a startup invest in video instead of publishing more articles?
Invest in video when buyers need faster trust, product explanation, or founder credibility. Benchmarks show video earns strong returns, especially short-form, while blogs now work better as support infrastructure. Start with lightweight clips before upgrading production. Use LinkedIn for startup video distribution and see startup content marketing trends around multimedia and conversion.
How should EU startups adapt content benchmarks that are often based on US-heavy data?
Treat global benchmarks as directional, then localize for language, compliance, procurement, and trust behavior. EU content often needs stronger buyer-readiness pages, legal clarity, and country-specific messaging before conversion rates resemble benchmark averages. Read the European Startup Playbook and review startup metric selection for founders.
What makes original research outperform generic AI-assisted content?
Original research creates defensible value: proprietary facts, niche benchmarks, and field evidence competitors cannot easily copy. In 2026, that improves trust, search visibility, and conversion potential more than generic commentary. Even a small survey can become a strong founder asset. Apply AI SEO for Startups to research-led content and study startup content marketing trends on depth versus distribution.
How often should founders review content performance benchmarks and make changes?
Quarterly is usually enough for early-stage teams. A 90-day review gives content time to distribute, rank, influence conversations, and produce signals without causing reactive channel-hopping. Monthly checks are useful, but strategic changes should stay disciplined. Use the Bootstrapping Startup Playbook for lean execution and track the right founder metrics in SE Ranking.
Can content benchmarks help founders decide between SEO, social, and paid channels?
Yes, if you match channel choice to buyer intent. SEO and owned content support long-term discovery, social earns first attention, and paid helps test offers faster. Benchmarks are most useful when tied to your sales cycle and budget constraints. Compare PPC for Startups with organic growth options and use startup content marketing trends to balance channels.
What does “content as sales enablement” actually look like in practice?
It means building assets sales can send at the exact moment buyers hesitate: case studies, objection FAQs, implementation guides, pricing logic, and short demos. These often outperform generic awareness content in complex B2B startup funnels. See LinkedIn for Startups for relationship-driven distribution and review founder marketing metrics that connect content to pipeline.
How can women-led startups build authority without posting constantly?
Use proof-rich, evergreen assets instead of chasing daily visibility. Founder notes, customer examples, strategic FAQs, and research-backed articles create authority with less performative pressure and more commercial usefulness. Systems beat constant self-promotion. Read the Female Entrepreneur Playbook and review startup content marketing trends for efficient founder-led distribution.
What is the biggest mistake founders make when using AI for content operations?
They confuse speed with performance. AI can accelerate ideation, outlining, repurposing, and drafts, but without strong positioning and founder editing, output becomes generic. Use AI to reduce cost, then add lived insight, examples, and buyer language. Discover AI Automations for Startups and apply founder-focused content marketing trends to AI-assisted publishing.
